ʻO ka Gel pulu a i ʻole ka hoʻopili ʻana me nā Electrolytes
He mea koʻikoʻi nā ʻano mechanical a viscous paha o ka mea hoʻopili, a pinepine ka electrolyte i mānoanoa e kahi mea gel a i ʻole i loko o ka sponge a i ʻole nā lole palupalu.Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia nā electrocardiogram pāʻoihana (ECG) e like me nā mea i hoʻohana mua ʻia no ka hoʻohana hoʻokahi, a aia paha i loko o ka medium nā preservatives e hoʻonui ai i ke ola mālama ʻana, a i ʻole nā ʻāpana quartz no nā kumu abrading ma ka ʻili.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka mobility ionic a no laila ka conductivity i loko o kahi paʻi viscosity kiʻekiʻe ma mua o kahi wai.ʻO nā electrolytes wai o ka manaʻo kiʻekiʻe (> 1%) e komo ikaika i ka ʻili, me ka manawa mau i ʻōlelo pinepine ʻia ma ke kauoha o 10 min (Tregear, 1966; Almasi et al., 1970; McAdams et al., 1991b).Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole he exponential ke kaʻina hana (no ka mea, ʻaʻole nā kaʻina diffusion), a hiki ke hoʻomau i nā hola a me nā lā (Grimnes, 1983a) (e nānā i ke Kiʻi 4.20).ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ke komo ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻike electrolyte, akā ʻoi aku ka ʻili o ka ʻili.ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka NaCl e ka ʻili kanaka ma ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka hapa nui o nā electrolytes ʻē aʻe.Hōʻike ka Figure 7.5 i ke komo ʻana o ka electrolyte i loko o ka ʻili i ka hola 4 mua ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka electrode i ka ʻili.ʻO ka impedance ma 1 Hz ua hoʻomalu ʻia e ka stratum corneum electrolyte content, me ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 1% hāʻawi mai ka electrode ponoʻī-hōʻailona polarizing impedance.Inā hoʻopiha ʻia nā ʻauwaʻa hou a i ʻole i hoʻopiha hou ʻia, ʻo ka conductance o nā awāwa e pale aku i ka impedance kiʻekiʻe o ka stratum corneum maloʻo.
ʻO ka conductivity σ o kekahi mau mea hoʻopili pinepine ʻia: Redux creme (Hewlett Packard) 10.6 S/m, Electrode creme (Grass) 3.3 S/m, Beckman-Offner paste 17 S/m, NASA Flight paste 7.7 S/m , a me NASA electrode cream 1.2 S/m.Loaʻa i ka NASA Flight paste he 9% NaCl, 3% potassium chloride (KCl), a me 3% calcium chloride (CaCl), ma ka huina o 15% (ma ke kaumaha) o nā electrolytes.Hiki ke loaʻa i ka pāpaʻi electroencephalogram (EEG) ma kahi o 45% KCl.
I ka hoʻohālikelike, 0.9% NaCl (ma ke kaumaha) physiological saline solution he conductivity o 1.4 S/m;ʻO ka hapa nui o nā gels he electrolytes ikaika.Aia ma kahi o 3.5% nā paʻakai i loko o ke kai, a ʻo ke Kai Make he >25% nā paʻakai me ka haku mele ʻana o 50% MgCl2, 30% NaCl, 14% CaCl2, a me 6% KCl.He ʻokoʻa loa kēlā me ka paʻakai kai (NaCl 97% o ka nui o ka paʻakai).Ua kapa ʻia ke Kaimake he "make" no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea kanu a me nā iʻa ke noho ma laila.
Ua hōʻike ka ʻike ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka gel, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ke komo ʻana i loko o ka ʻili a me nā ducts hou.Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka ʻili e like me ka ʻili a me ka ʻulaʻula.No ka hoʻokolokolo ECG wikiwiki, hiki ke hoʻohana i nā gels ikaika;no ka nānā ʻana i nā lā, pono e nāwaliwali ka gel contact.Mahalo ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i nā hola ʻauʻau i ke kai, no laila e ʻae ʻia ka paʻakai o 3.5% i nā manawa he nui.
No ka hana electrodermal (Mokuna 10.3), he haʻahaʻa ka paʻakai o ka gel pulu pili i mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i ka hemo koke ʻana o nā auwai.
Ka manawa kau: Apr-11-2019