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Pulse oximetry

Los ntawm Wikipedia, phau ntawv dawb encyclopedia

Dhia mus rau navigationDhia mus nrhiav

Pulse oximetry

Tetherless mem tes oximetry

Lub hom phiaj

Saib xyuas tus neeg lub siab oxygen saturation

Pulse oximetryyog atsis ua phemtxoj kev saib xyuas tus neegoxygen saturation.Txawm hais tias nws nyeem ntawm peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) tsis yog ib txwm zoo ib yam li qhov xav tau kev nyeem ntawv ntawm arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) los ntawmarterial ntshav gaskev tsom xam, ob qho tib si sib raug zoo txaus tias kev nyab xeeb, yooj yim, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, pheej yig pulse oximetry txoj kev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ntsuas cov pa oxygen saturation hauvkho mobsiv.

Nyob rau hauv nws feem ntau (transmissive) daim ntawv thov hom, ib tug sensor ntaus ntawv yog muab tso rau ib tug nyias ib feem ntawm tus neeg mob lub cev, feem ntau yog ib tugntiv teslos yogpob ntseg, los yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tugmenyuam mos, hla ib ko taw.Cov cuab yeej kis tau ob lub wavelengths ntawm lub teeb los ntawm lub cev mus rau lub photodetector.Nws ntsuas qhov hloov absorbance ntawm txhua qhovwavelengths, cia nws los txiav txim qhovabsorbancesvim lub pulsingntshav hlab ntshaib leeg, tsis suav nrogntshav venous, tawv nqaij, pob txha, nqaij, rog, thiab (feem ntau) ntsia thawv polish.[1]

Reflectance pulse oximetry yog ib qho tsis tshua muaj lwm txoj hauv kev rau transmissive pulse oximetry.Txoj kev no tsis tas yuav tsum muaj ntu nyias ntawm tus neeg lub cev thiab yog li ntawd zoo rau kev siv thoob ntiaj teb xws li ko taw, hauv pliaj, thiab hauv siab, tab sis nws kuj muaj qee qhov kev txwv.Vasodilation thiab pooling ntawm cov ntshav venous nyob rau hauv lub taub hau vim muaj kev cuam tshuam venous rov qab mus rau lub plawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib txuam ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hauv pliaj thiab ua rau muaj Spurious SpO.2tshwm sim.Cov xwm txheej zoo li no tshwm sim thaum siv tshuaj loog nrogendotracheal intubationthiab mechanical ventilation los yog nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob nyob rau hauv lubTrendelenburg txoj haujlwm.[2]

Cov ntsiab lus

Keeb kwm [kho]

Xyoo 1935, tus kws kho mob German Karl Matthes (1905-1962) tau tsim thawj ob lub pob ntseg O2saturation meter nrog cov lim liab thiab ntsuab (tom qab liab thiab infrared lim).Nws lub 'meter' yog thawj lub cuab yeej ntsuas O2saturation.[3]

Tus thawj oximeter yog tsim los ntawmGlenn Allan Millikanhauv 1940s.[4]Xyoo 1949, Ntoo tau ntxiv cov tshuaj ntsiav kom nyem cov ntshav tawm ntawm pob ntseg kom tau txais qhov O.2tus nqi saturation thaum ntshav tau txais.Lub tswv yim zoo ib yam li niaj hnub no cov pa pulse oximetry, tab sis nyuaj rau kev siv vim tsis ruaj khov.photocellsthiab lub teeb ci;niaj hnub no txoj kev no tsis yog siv kho mob.Xyoo 1964 Shaw tau sib sau ua ke thawj qhov kev nyeem ntawv pob ntseg oximeter, uas siv yim lub teeb ntawm lub teeb.

Pulse oximetry tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1972, los ntawmThov Aoyagithiab Michio Kishi, bioengineers, ntawmNihon Kohdensiv qhov piv ntawm liab mus rau infrared lub teeb nqus ntawm pulsating Cheebtsam ntawm qhov chaw ntsuas.Susumu Nakajima, tus kws phais mob, thiab nws cov neeg koom tes ua ntej kuaj cov cuab yeej hauv cov neeg mob, qhia nws hauv xyoo 1975.[5]Nws yog commercialized los ntawmBioxhauv 1980.[6][5][7]

Los ntawm 1987, tus qauv ntawm kev saib xyuas rau kev tswj hwm ntawm kev siv tshuaj loog hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas suav nrog pulse oximetry.Los ntawm chav ua haujlwm, kev siv cov mem tes oximetry tau nrawm nrawm thoob plaws hauv tsev kho mob, ua ntej muschav rov qab, thiab tom qab ntawd raucov tsev kho mob hnyav.Pulse oximetry yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb hauv lub cev xeeb tub uas cov neeg mob tsis muaj kev vam meej nrog oxygenation tsis txaus, tab sis cov pa oxygen ntau dhau thiab hloov pauv hauv cov pa oxygen tuaj yeem ua rau pom kev tsis pom kev lossis qhov muag tsis pom.retinopathy ntawm prematurity(ROP).Tsis tas li ntawd, tau txais cov roj ntsha hauv cov hlab ntsha los ntawm tus neeg mob neonatal yog mob rau tus neeg mob thiab yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm neonatal anemia.[8]Tsab ntawv tsa suab tuaj yeem yog qhov kev txwv tseem ceeb rau kev soj ntsuam pulse oximetry uas ua rau muaj kev ceeb toom tsis tseeb thiab poob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.Qhov no yog vim thaum lub sij hawm txav thiab qis peripheralperfusion, ntau lub pulse oximeters tsis tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov ntshav txav mus rau venous, ua rau muaj kev tsis txaus siab ntawm cov pa oxygen saturation.Cov kev tshawb fawb thaum ntxov ntawm pulse oximetry kev ua tau zoo thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tau ua kom pom tseeb qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov pa pulse oximetry thev naus laus zis rau cov duab kos duab.[9][10]

Xyoo 1995,Masimoqhia Signal Extraction Technology (SET) uas tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov tseeb thaum lub sijhawm tus neeg mob txav thiab qis perfusion los ntawm kev sib cais cov teeb liab ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab lwm yam teeb meem.Txij thaum ntawd los, cov tuam txhab pulse oximetry tau tsim cov algorithms tshiab los txo qee lub tswb cuav thaum lub sijhawm txav.[11]xws li ncua sij hawm nruab nrab lossis khov qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov screen, tab sis lawv tsis thov ntsuas kev hloov pauv thaum lub sijhawm txav thiab qis perfusion.Yog li, tseem muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm pulse oximeters thaum lub sijhawm nyuaj.[12]Tsis tas li ntawd hauv xyoo 1995, Masimo tau qhia txog qhov ntsuas perfusion, ntsuas qhov amplitude ntawm lub peripheral.plethysmographwaveform.Perfusion Performance index tau pom los pab cov kws kho mob kwv yees qhov mob hnyav thiab qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo ua pa thaum ntxov hauv cov menyuam mos,[13][14][15]kwv yees qhov qis tshaj vena cava ntws hauv cov menyuam mos yug me nyuam qis heev,[16]muab qhov taw qhia ntxov ntawm sympathectomy tom qab tshuaj loog epidural,[17]thiab txhim kho kev tshawb nrhiav cov kab mob hauv lub plawv tseem ceeb hauv cov menyuam mos.[18]

Cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm tau muab piv cov teeb liab rho tawm thev naus laus zis rau lwm cov tshuab pulse oximetry thiab tau ua kom pom cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov teeb liab extraction technology.[9][12][19]Cov teeb liab rho tawm thev naus laus zis pulse oximetry kev ua tau zoo kuj tau qhia los txhais los pab cov kws kho mob txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tus neeg mob.Nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev tshawb no, retinopathy ntawm prematurity (qhov muag puas) raug txo los ntawm 58% nyob rau hauv heev tsis tshua muaj yug me nyuam neonates nyob rau hauv ib lub chaw siv teeb liab extraction technology, thaum tsis muaj txo nyob rau hauv retinopathy ntawm prematurity ntawm lwm lub chaw nrog tib cov kws kho mob siv tib txoj cai. tab sis nrog non-signal extraction technology.[20]Lwm cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov teeb liab rho tawm tshuab pulse oximetry ua rau tsawg dua cov roj ntsha hauv cov hlab ntsha ntsuas, lub sij hawm ua pa oxygen sai dua, kev siv lub ntsuas hluav taws xob qis dua, thiab nyob ntev dua.[21]Kev ntsuas-los ntawm cov lus tsa suab thiab tsis tshua muaj peev xwm perfusion nws kuj tau tso cai rau nws siv rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tsis muaj kev saib xyuas yav dhau los xws li hauv pem teb dav dav, qhov chaw ceeb toom cuav tau plagued cov pa pulse oximetry.Raws li cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm qhov no, txoj kev tshawb fawb thaj av tau tshaj tawm xyoo 2010 qhia tias cov kws kho mob ntawm Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center siv cov teeb liab rho tawm tshuab pulse oximetry nyob rau hauv pem teb dav dav tuaj yeem txo qis cov lus teb sai sai, kev hloov pauv hauv ICU, thiab ICU hnub.[22]Xyoo 2020, kev tshawb nrhiav rov qab los ntawm tib lub tsev kawm ntawv tau pom tias ntau dua kaum xyoo ntawm kev siv pulse oximetry nrog cov teeb liab rho tawm tshuab, ua ke nrog cov neeg mob soj ntsuam, muaj pes tsawg tus neeg mob tuag thiab tsis muaj cov neeg mob raug mob los ntawm opioid ua pa nyuaj siab. thaum kev soj ntsuam tas li tau siv.[23]

Nyob rau hauv 2007, Masimo tau qhia thawj qhov kev ntsuas ntawm qhovpleth variability index(PVI), uas ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam tau pom tias muab ib txoj hauv kev tshiab rau kev ntsuas tsis siv neeg, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm tus neeg mob lub peev xwm los teb rau kev tswj hwm dej.[24][25][26]Cov kua dej tsim nyog yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txo qis kev pheej hmoo tom qab phais thiab txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tus neeg mob: cov kua dej ntau dhau (tsis muaj dej) lossis siab dhau (dhau dej) tau pom tias yuav txo qhov mob thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo kis mob lossis mob plawv.[27]Tsis ntev los no, Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Hauv Tebchaws hauv tebchaws United Kingdom thiab Fab Kis Cov Tshuaj Txhaum Cai thiab Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv tau teev npe PVI kev soj ntsuam raws li ib feem ntawm lawv cov tswv yim pom zoo rau kev tswj cov kua dej hauv lub cev.[28][29]

Hauv xyoo 2011, ib pab pawg kws tshaj lij tau pom zoo kuaj cov menyuam mos tshiab nrog pulse oximetry txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau kuaj pomtseem ceeb congenital mob plawv(CCHD).[30]CCHD pawg neeg ua haujlwm tau hais txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ob qhov kev tshawb fawb loj, yav tom ntej ntawm 59,876 cov ncauj lus uas tsuas yog siv cov teeb liab rho tawm thev naus laus zis txhawm rau txhawm rau txheeb xyuas CCHD nrog qhov tsis zoo tsawg.[31][32]Pab pawg neeg ua haujlwm CCHD tau pom zoo kom kuaj xyuas tus menyuam yug tshiab nrog kev ua siab ntev ntawm cov mem tes oximetry uas kuj tau raug lees paub nyob rau hauv qis perfusion.Xyoo 2011, US Secretary of Health thiab Human Services tau ntxiv pulse oximetry rau lub rooj sib tham pom zoo.[33]Ua ntej cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj rau kev tshuaj xyuas siv cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob rho tawm, tsawg dua 1% ntawm cov menyuam yug tshiab hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau kuaj xyuas.Hnub no,Newborn Foundationtau sau tseg ze rau kev tshuaj ntsuam thoob ntiaj teb hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab kev tshuaj ntsuam thoob ntiaj teb tau nthuav dav sai.[34]Nyob rau hauv 2014, ib qho kev tshawb fawb loj thib peb ntawm 122,738 tus menyuam yug tshiab uas tsuas yog siv cov teeb liab rho tawm tshuab tau pom zoo sib xws, cov txiaj ntsig zoo li thawj ob qhov kev tshawb fawb loj.[35]

High-resolution pulse oximetry (HRPO) tau tsim los rau hauv tsev pw tsaug zog apnea kuaj thiab kuaj hauv cov neeg mob uas nws ua tsis tau zoo.polysomnography.[36][37]Nws khaws thiab sau ob qho tib simem testhiab SpO2 nyob rau hauv 1 lub sij hawm thib ob thiab tau pom nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev tshawb fawb los pab tshawb nrhiav kev pw tsaug zog ua tsis taus pa hauv cov neeg mob phais.[38]

Muaj nuj nqi [kho]

Absorption spectra ntawm oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) thiab deoxygenated hemoglobin (Hb) rau liab thiab infrared wavelengths

Sab hauv ntawm lub pulse oximeter

Lub ntsuas ntshav-oxygen qhia txog feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov ntshav uas ntim nrog oxygen.Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, nws ntsuas qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawmhemoglobin, cov protein nyob rau hauv cov ntshav uas nqa oxygen, yog loaded.Kev lees txais ib txwm muaj rau cov neeg mob uas tsis muaj cov kab mob pulmonary pathology yog los ntawm 95 txog 99 feem pua.Rau tus neeg mob ua pa hauv chav cua ntawm lossis zehiav txwv theem, kev kwv yees ntawm arterial pO2tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov ntshav-oxygen saib"saturation ntawm peripheral oxygen"(Spo2) nyeem ntawv.

Ib tug raug pulse oximeter siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab ib khub me meteeb-emitting diodes(LEDs) ntsib aphotodiodelos ntawm ib feem ntawm tus neeg mob lub cev, feem ntau yog ntiv tes los yog pob ntseg.Ib qho LED yog liab, nrogwavelengthntawm 660nm, thiab lwm yam yoginfrarednrog lub wavelength ntawm 940 nm.Kev nqus ntawm lub teeb ntawm cov wavelengths sib txawv ntawm cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen thiab cov ntshav tsis muaj oxygen.Oxygenated hemoglobin absorbs ntau lub teeb infrared thiab tso cai rau lub teeb liab ntau dhau mus.Deoxygenated hemoglobin tso cai rau ntau lub teeb infrared hla thiab nqus ntau lub teeb liab.Cov LEDs ua ntu zus los ntawm lawv lub voj voog ntawm ib qho, tom qab ntawd lwm qhov, tom qab ntawd ob qho tib si tawm txog peb caug zaug hauv ib ob uas tso cai rau lub photodiode teb rau lub teeb liab thiab infrared nyias thiab kuj kho rau lub teeb pom kev zoo.[39]

Tus nqi ntawm lub teeb uas kis tau (hauv lwm lo lus, uas tsis yog absorbed) yog ntsuas, thiab cais cov teeb liab normalized yog tsim rau txhua lub wavelength.Cov cim qhia tau hloov pauv mus rau lub sijhawm vim tias cov ntshav arterial uas tam sim no nce (lus pulses) nrog txhua lub plawv dhia.Los ntawm kev rho tawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm lub teeb xa mus los ntawm lub teeb xa mus rau hauv txhua lub wavelength, cov teebmeem ntawm lwm cov ntaub so ntswg raug kho rau, tsim cov teeb liab txuas ntxiv rau cov ntshav pulsatile arterial.[40]Qhov piv ntawm qhov ntsuas lub teeb liab rau qhov ntsuas lub teeb infrared yog tom qab ntawd xam los ntawm tus processor (uas sawv cev rau qhov piv ntawm oxygenated hemoglobin rau deoxygenated hemoglobin), thiab qhov piv no ces hloov mus rau SpO.2los ntawm lub processor ntawm anrhiav rooj[40]raws li qhovBeer-Lambert txoj cai.[39]Lub teeb liab sib cais kuj tseem ua haujlwm rau lwm lub hom phiaj: plethysmograph waveform ("pleth yoj") sawv cev rau lub teeb liab pulsatile feem ntau yog tso tawm kom pom qhov pom ntawm cov pulses nrog rau cov teeb liab zoo,[41]thiab tus lej piv ntawm pulsatile thiab baseline absorbance ("perfusion index") tuaj yeem siv los ntsuas qhov kev xav tau.[25]

Qhov taw qhia [kho]

Lub pulse oximeter sojntsuam siv rau tus neeg tus ntiv tes

Pulse oximeter yog akhoom siv kho mobuas indirectly saib xyuas cov pa saturation ntawm tus neeg mobntshav(raws li kev ntsuas oxygen saturation ncaj qha los ntawm cov ntshav kuaj) thiab kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntshav ntim hauv daim tawv nqaij, ua rauphotoplethysmogramuas tej zaum yuav ua ntxiv rau hauvlwm yam kev ntsuas.[41]Lub pulse oximeter tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv ib qho multiparameter tus neeg saib xyuas.Cov neeg saib xyuas feem ntau kuj pom cov mem tes.Portable, roj teeb ua haujlwm pulse oximeters kuj muaj rau kev thauj mus los lossis tshuaj xyuas ntshav-oxygen hauv tsev.

Qhov zoo[kho]

Pulse oximetry yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yooj yim rautsis ua phemnruam ntsuas ntshav oxygen saturation.Hauv qhov sib piv, cov ntshav ntshav yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab hauv chav kuaj ntawm cov ntshav uas tau kos.Pulse oximetry yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv txhua qhov chaw uas tus neeg moboxygenationtsis ruaj tsis khov, suav nrogkev kho mob hnyav, kev khiav hauj lwm, kev rov qab los, xwm txheej ceev thiab tsev kho mob hauv pawg ntseeg,cov kws tsav dav hlaunyob rau hauv lub dav hlau unpressurized, rau kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm ib tug neeg mob lub oxygenation, thiab txiav txim siab cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm los yog xav tau kev pab ntxiv.oxygen.Txawm hais tias lub pulse oximeter yog siv los saib xyuas cov pa oxygenation, nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab cov metabolism hauv oxygen, lossis cov pa oxygen siv los ntawm tus neeg mob.Rau lub hom phiaj no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ntsuascarbon dioxide(CO2) qib.Nws muaj peev xwm kuj siv tau los xyuas qhov txawv txav hauv qhov cua.Txawm li cas los xij, siv lub mem tes oximeter los kuaj xyuashypoventilationyog cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov pa oxygen ntxiv, vim nws tsuas yog thaum cov neeg mob ua pa hauv chav cua uas txawv txav hauv kev ua pa ntawm lub ntsws tuaj yeem kuaj pom muaj kev ntseeg siab nrog nws siv.Yog li, niaj hnub kev tswj hwm ntawm cov pa oxygen ntxiv tuaj yeem ua tsis tau yog tias tus neeg mob muaj peev xwm tswj tau cov pa oxygen txaus hauv chav cua, vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau hypoventilation mus tsis pom.[42]

Vim tias lawv txoj kev yooj yim ntawm kev siv thiab muaj peev xwm muab cov txiaj ntsig tsis tu ncua thiab tam sim ntawd cov pa oxygen saturation, pulse oximeters yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam.tshuaj kho mob xwm txheej ceevthiab tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg mob uas muaj teeb meem ua pa lossis mob plawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yogCOPD, lossis rau kev kuaj mob ntawm qee qhovpw tsis tsaug zogxws liapneathiabhypopnea.[43]Portable roj teeb ua haujlwm pulse oximeters muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov kws tsav dav hlau ua haujlwm hauv lub dav hlau tsis muaj zog siab tshaj 10,000 ko taw (3,000 m) lossis 12,500 ko taw (3,800 m) hauv Asmeskas[44]qhov twg yuav tsum tau oxygen ntxiv.Portable pulse oximeters kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig rau cov neeg nce toj thiab cov neeg ncaws pob uas nws cov pa oxygen tuaj yeem txo qhov siabqhov siablos yog nrog kev tawm dag zog.Qee lub tshuab pulse oximeters siv cov software uas ntsuas tus neeg mob cov ntshav oxygen thiab mem tes, ua qhov ceeb toom kom kuaj ntshav cov ntshav oxygen.

Kev sib txuas tsis ntev los no tseem tau ua rau cov neeg mob muaj lawv cov ntshav oxygen saturation tsis tu ncua saib xyuas yam tsis muaj kev sib txuas nrog rau lub tsev kho mob saib xyuas, yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus neeg mob rov qab mus rau hauv txaj saib thiab hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov neeg mob soj ntsuam.Masimo Radius PPG, qhia hauv 2019, muab tetherless pulse oximetry siv Masimo teeb liab rho tawm tshuab, tso cai rau cov neeg mob txav mus los ywj siab thiab xis nyob thaum tseem tab tom saib xyuas tas li thiab ntseeg tau.[45]Radius PPG tseem tuaj yeem siv Bluetooth ruaj ntseg los qhia cov ntaub ntawv tus neeg mob ncaj qha nrog lub xov tooj smartphone lossis lwm yam khoom siv ntse.[46]

Kev txwv[kho]

Pulse oximetry tsuas yog ntsuas hemoglobin saturation, tsis yogqhov cuathiab tsis yog ib qho kev ntsuas tag nrho ntawm kev ua pa txaus.Nws tsis yog qhov hloov pauv rauntshav rojkuaj nyob rau hauv ib lub chaw kuaj mob, vim hais tias nws tsis qhia txog lub hauv paus tsis txaus, qib carbon dioxide, ntshavpH, los yogbicarbonate(HCO3—) concentration.Cov metabolism hauv cov pa oxygen tuaj yeem ntsuas tau yooj yim los ntawm kev saib xyuas CO uas tas sij hawm2, tab sis cov duab saturation tsis qhia txog cov ntshav oxygen cov ntsiab lus.Feem ntau cov pa oxygen hauv cov ntshav yog nqa los ntawm hemoglobin;Hauv cov ntshav tsis txaus, cov ntshav muaj tsawg dua hemoglobin, uas txawm tias nws tsis tuaj yeem nqa oxygen ntau.

erroneously nyeem tsawg tej zaum yuav tshwm sim los ntawmhypoperfusionntawm qhov kawg yog siv rau kev saib xyuas (feem ntau vim yog lub caj dab txias, lossis los ntawmvasoconstrictionSecondary rau kev siv ntawmvasopressorcov neeg sawv cev);daim ntawv thov sensor tsis raug;siab heevhu tautawv nqaij;los yog txav (xws li tshee), tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sij hawm hypoperfusion.Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias qhov tseeb, lub ntsuas hluav taws xob yuav tsum rov qab ua cov mem tes ruaj khov thiab / lossis pulse waveform.Pulse oximetry technologies txawv ntawm lawv lub peev xwm los muab cov ntaub ntawv raug thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm kev txav thiab qis perfusion.[12][9]

Pulse oximetry kuj tsis yog ib qho kev ntsuas tag nrho ntawm cov pa oxygen txaus txaus.Yog tsis txausntshavlos yog tsis txaus hemoglobin hauv cov ntshav (ntshav ntshav), cov ntaub so ntswg tuaj yeem raug kev txom nyemhypoxiatxawm tias muaj cov pa oxygen saturation siab.

Txij li thaum pulse oximetry ntsuas tsuas yog feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov hemoglobin khi, kev nyeem ntawv tsis tseeb siab lossis tsis tseeb yuav tshwm sim thaum hemoglobin khi rau lwm yam uas tsis yog oxygen:

  • Hemoglobin muaj kev sib raug zoo rau cov pa roj carbon monoxide ntau dua li nws ua rau oxygen, thiab kev nyeem ntawv siab yuav tshwm sim txawm tias tus neeg mob tau ua hypoxemic.Hauv cov xwm txheej ntawmcarbon monoxide lom, qhov tsis raug no yuav ncua kev lees paub ntawmhypoxia(tsawg cellular oxygen theem).
  • Cyanide lommuab kev nyeem ntawv siab vim tias nws txo qis oxygen rho tawm los ntawm cov ntshav hlab ntsha.Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, kev nyeem ntawv tsis yog cuav, raws li arterial ntshav oxygen yog qhov tseeb siab nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov cyanide lom.[xav kom meej]
  • MethemoglobinemiaCov yam ntxwv ua rau cov mem tes oximetry nyeem nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-80s.
  • COPD [tshwj xeeb tshaj yog bronchitis ntev] yuav ua rau kev nyeem ntawv tsis tseeb.[47]

Ib txoj kev uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam uas tso cai rau kev ntsuas tas li ntawm dyshemoglobins yog cov mem tesCO-oxymeter, uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv 2005 los ntawm Masimo.[48]Los ntawm kev siv cov wavelength ntxiv,[49]Nws muab cov kws kho mob ib txoj hauv kev los ntsuas dyshemoglobins, carboxyhemoglobin, thiab methemoglobin nrog rau tag nrho hemoglobin.[50]

Kev siv ntau ntxiv[kho]

Raws li tsab ntawv ceeb toom los ntawm iData Research US pulse oximetry soj ntsuam kev lag luam rau cov khoom siv thiab cov sensors tau tshaj 700 lab USD hauv 2011.[51]

Nyob rau hauv 2008, ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm cov loj thoob ntiaj teb exporting khoom kho mob manufacturers nyob rau hauvTuam Tshojyog cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm pulse oximeters.[52]

Kev kuaj pom ntxov ntawm COVID-19[kho]

Pulse oximeters yog siv los pab nrog kev tshawb pom thaum ntxovCOVID-19kab mob, uas yuav ua rau thawj zaug unnoticeable tsawg arterial oxygen saturation thiab hypoxia.Lub New York Timestshaj tawm tias "cov neeg saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv tau muab faib rau seb kev saib xyuas hauv tsev nrog lub ntsuas pulse oximeter yuav tsum raug pom zoo los ntawm kev nthuav dav thaum Covid-19.Cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev ntseeg tau pom cov txiaj ntsig sib xyaw, thiab muaj cov lus qhia me me ntawm kev xaiv ib qho.Tab sis ntau tus kws kho mob tau qhia cov neeg mob kom tau txais ib qho, ua rau nws mus rau qhov khoom siv ntawm kev sib kis. "[53]

Kev ntsuas tau los [kho]

Saib ntxiv:Photoplethysmogram

Vim muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntshav ntim hauv daim tawv nqaij, aplethysmographicKev hloov pauv tuaj yeem pom hauv lub teeb liab tau txais (transmittance) los ntawm lub sensor ntawm oximeter.Qhov kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem piav qhia raws li aua haujlwm raws sijhawm, uas nyob rau hauv lem yuav muab faib mus rau hauv ib tug DC tivthaiv (lub ncov tus nqi)[a]thiab ib qho AC tivthaiv (nruab nrab lub hav).[54]Qhov piv ntawm AC tivthaiv rau DC tivthaiv, qhia raws li feem pua, yog hu ua(peripheral)perfusionqhov ntsuas(Pi) rau cov mem tes, thiab feem ntau muaj ntau yam ntawm 0.02% txog 20%.[55]Ib qho kev ntsuas ua ntej hu uamem tes oximetry plethysmographic(POP) tsuas yog ntsuas qhov "AC" tivthaiv, thiab muab tau los ntawm kev saib xyuas pixels.[56][25]

Pleth variability index(PVI) yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov perfusion Performance index, uas tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm ua pa.Mathematically nws yog xam li (Pimax- Pibmin)/PIBmax× 100%, qhov siab tshaj plaws thiab tsawg kawg Pi qhov tseem ceeb yog los ntawm ib lossis ntau lub voj voog ua pa.[54]Nws tau raug pom tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb, tsis muaj qhov taw qhia ntawm cov kua dej tas mus li rau cov neeg mob uas tswj cov kua dej.[25] Pulse oximetry plethysmographic waveform amplitude(ΔPOP) yog ib qho piv txwv yav dhau los cov txheej txheem siv rau ntawm phau ntawv muab los ntawm POP, xam raws li (POPmax- POPmin)/( POBmax+ POPmin)* 2.[56]

Saib ntxiv [kho]

Sau ntawv [kho]

  1. ^Cov lus txhais no siv los ntawm Masimo txawv ntawm tus nqi nruab nrab siv hauv kev ua cov teeb liab;Nws yog tsim los ntsuas pulsatile arterial ntshav absorbance tshaj lub hauv paus absorbance.

Cov ntaub ntawv [kho]

  1. ^ Brand TM, Brand ME, Jay GD (Lub Ob Hlis 2002)."Enamel ntsia thawv polish tsis cuam tshuam nrog pulse oximetry ntawm normoxic tuaj yeem pab dawb".Phau ntawv Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing.17(2): 93–6.doi ua:10.1023/A:1016385222568.PMID 12212998 ib.
  2. ^ Jørgensen JS, Schmid ER, König V, Faisst K, Huch A, Huch R (Lub Xya Hli 1995)."Kev txwv ntawm lub hauv pliaj mem tes oximetry".Phau ntawv Journal of Clinical Monitoring.11(4): 253–6.doi ua:10.1007/bf01617520.PMID 7561999 ib.
  3. ^ Matthes K (1935)."Untersuchungen über die Sauerstoffsättigung des menschlichen Arterienblutes" [Studies on the Oxygen Saturation of Arterial Human Blood].Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology (hauv German).179(6): 698–711.doi ua:10.1007/BF01862691.
  4. ^ Millikan GA(1942)."Lub oximeter: ib qho cuab yeej rau ntsuas tsis tu ncua oxygen saturation ntawm arterial ntshav nyob rau hauv txiv neej".Kev tshuaj xyuas cov cuab yeej tshawb fawb.13(10): 434–444.Bibcode:1942 RWB… 13..434M.doi ua:10.1063/1.1769941.
  5. ^Dhia mus rau:a b Severinghaus JW, Honda Y (Lub Plaub Hlis 1987).“Keeb kwm ntawm ntshav kuaj ntshav.VII.Pulse oximetry. "Phau ntawv Journal of Clinical Monitoring.3(2): 135–8.doi ua:10.1007/bf00858362.PMID 3295125 ib.
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  9. ^Dhia mus rau:a b c Barker SJ (Lub Kaum Hli 2002).““Motion-resistant "pulse oximetry: kev sib piv ntawm cov qauv tshiab thiab qub".Tshuaj loog thiab analgesia.95(4): 967–72.doi ua:10.1213/00000539-200210000-00033.PMID 12351278 ib.
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  11. ^ Jopling MW, Mannheimer PD, Bebout DE (Lub Ib Hlis 2002)."Qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub chaw soj ntsuam kev soj ntsuam ntawm pulse oximeter kev ua tau zoo".94(1 Khoom): S62-8.PMID 11900041 ib.
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Post lub sij hawm: Jun-04-2020