Electrocardiography

Electrocardiography ndi njira yopangira electrocardiogram (ECG kapena EKG), kujambula - graph of voltage motsutsana ndi nthawi - yamagetsi amtima wamtima pogwiritsa ntchito maelekitirodi oyikidwa pakhungu.Ma electrode awa amazindikira kusintha kwakung'ono kwamagetsi komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa minofu yamtima ndikutsatiridwa ndi repolarization panthawi iliyonse ya mtima (kugunda kwa mtima).Kusintha kwamtundu wa ECG kumachitika pazovuta zambiri zamtima, kuphatikizapo kusokonezeka kwa mtima (monga fibrillation ya atrial ndi tachycardia ya ventricular), kutsika kwa magazi m'mitsempha yamagazi (monga myocardial ischemia ndi myocardial infarction), komanso kusokonezeka kwa electrolyte ndi hypokalemia ).

Mu ECG yotsogola 12, maelekitirodi khumi amayikidwa pamiyendo ya wodwalayo komanso pachifuwa.Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yamagetsi ya mtima kumayesedwa kuchokera ku ngodya khumi ndi ziwiri (“zotsogolera”) ndipo zimalembedwa m’kanthawi kochepa (nthawi zambiri masekondi khumi).Mwanjira imeneyi, kukula konse ndi mayendedwe a mtima wa depolarization wamagetsi amatengedwa nthawi iliyonse mumayendedwe amtima.

Pali zigawo zitatu zazikulu za ECG: P wave, yomwe imayimira depolarization ya atria;zovuta za QRS, zomwe zimayimira depolarization ya ma ventricles;ndi T wave, yomwe imayimira kubwezeretsedwa kwa ma ventricles.

Pakugunda kwa mtima kulikonse, mtima wathanzi umakhala ndi kufalikira kwadongosolo komwe kumayamba ndi ma cell a pacemaker mu node ya sinoatrial, kufalikira mu atrium, kudutsa node ya atrioventricular mpaka mumtolo wa Wake ndi kulowa mu ulusi wa Purkinje, kufalikira pansi mpaka pansi. anachoka m'maventricles onse.Mchitidwe wolongosoka uwu wa depolarization umapangitsa kutsata kwa ECG.Kwa dokotala wophunzitsidwa bwino, ECG imapereka chidziwitso chochuluka chokhudza mapangidwe a mtima ndi ntchito ya kayendedwe ka magetsi.Mwa zina, ECG ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyeza kuthamanga ndi kuthamanga kwa kugunda kwa mtima, kukula ndi malo a zipinda za mtima, kupezeka kwa kuwonongeka kulikonse kwa maselo a minofu ya mtima kapena dongosolo la conduction, zotsatira za mankhwala a mtima, ndi ntchito yake. za pacemakers zoikidwa.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrocardiography