1. Kutsogolera miyendo
Kuphatikizira miyendo yokhazikika imatsogolera I, II, ndi III ndi kukakamiza kwa unipolar limb kumabweretsa aVR, aVL, ndi aVF.
(1) Mtovu wamba wokhazikika: womwe umatchedwanso bipolar lead, womwe umawonetsa kusiyana komwe kungatheke pakati pa miyendo iwiri.
(2) Kutsogola kwa miyendo ya unipolar: mu maelekitirodi awiri, electrode imodzi yokha imasonyeza kuthekera, ndipo mphamvu ya electrode ina ndi yofanana ndi ziro.Panthawiyi, matalikidwe a mawonekedwe opangidwa ndi mafundewa ndi ochepa, choncho kukakamiza kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuonjezera mphamvu yoyezera kuti izindikire mosavuta.
(3) Pofufuza ECG kuchipatala, pali mitundu 4 ya maelekitirodi otsogolera otsogolera, ndipo malo ake ndi: electrode yofiira ili pa dzanja la kumtunda kwa dzanja lamanja, electrode yachikasu ili pa dzanja la kumanzere kumtunda. nthambi, ndi elekitirodi wobiriwira ali pa phazi ndi bondo la kumanzere m'munsi mwendo.Elekitirodi wakuda ili pa bondo la kumanja kumunsi mwendo.
2. Zotsogolera pachifuwa
Ndiwotsogolera unipolar, kuphatikiza kutsogolera V1 mpaka V6.Pakuyesa, ma elekitirodi abwino amayenera kuyikidwa pagawo lodziwika la khoma la pachifuwa, ndipo ma elekitirodi atatu a chingwe chotsogolera ayenera kulumikizidwa ndi electrode yoyipa kudzera pa 5 K resistor kuti apange cholumikizira chapakati chamagetsi.
Pakuwunika kwanthawi zonse kwa ECG, mayendedwe 12 otsogola a bipolar, opanikizidwa a unipolar otsogolera ndi V1～V6 amatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira.Ngati dextrocardia, right ventricular hypertrophy, kapena myocardial infarction ikuganiziridwa, lead V7, V8, V9, ndi V3R iyenera kuwonjezeredwa.V7 ili pamtunda wa V4 kumanzere kwa axillary mzere wamanzere;V8 ili pamlingo wa V4 pamzere wakumanzere wa scapular;V9 ili pa mbali ya kumanzere msana Mzere V4 ali pa mlingo;V3R ili pagawo lolingana la V3 pachifuwa chakumanja.
Kuyang'anira kufunikira
1. Dongosolo loyang'anira 12 lotsogolera likhoza kuwonetsa zochitika za myocardial ischemia panthawi.70% mpaka 90% ya myocardial ischemia imadziwika ndi electrocardiogram, ndipo kuchipatala, nthawi zambiri imakhala yopanda zizindikiro.
2. Odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha myocardial ischemia, monga angina wosakhazikika ndi infarction ya myocardial, 12- lead ST-segment mosalekeza ECG kuwunika kumatha kuzindikira mwachangu zochitika za myocardial ischemia, makamaka asymptomatic myocardial ischemia zochitika, zomwe ndi zachipatala Perekani maziko odalirika a matenda anthawi yake. ndi chithandizo.
3. Ndizovuta kusiyanitsa molondola pakati pa tachycardia ya ventricular ndi tachycardia ya supraventricular ndi intraventricular differential conduction pogwiritsa ntchito kutsogolera kwa II kokha.Chitsogozo chabwino kwambiri chosiyanitsa awiriwa ndi V ndi MCL (P wave ndi QRS complex ali ndi morphology yomveka bwino).
4. Poyesa kugunda kwa mtima kwachilendo, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo ndikolondola kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito chitsogozo chimodzi.
5. Njira yowunikira 12 ndi yolondola komanso yanthawi yake kuti adziwe ngati wodwalayo ali ndi vuto la arrhythmia kuposa njira yachikhalidwe yowunikira imodzi, komanso mtundu wa arrhythmia, nthawi yoyambira, nthawi yowoneka, nthawi, ndi kusintha kusanachitike komanso pambuyo pake. mankhwala mankhwala.
6. Kuwunika kwa ECG kosalekeza kwa 12 n'kofunika kwambiri kuti mudziwe mtundu wa arrhythmia, kusankha njira zowonetsera ndi chithandizo, ndikuwona zotsatira za chithandizo.
7. Dongosolo loyang'anira 12 lotsogolera limakhalanso ndi malire ake pazochitika zachipatala, ndipo amatha kusokoneza.Pamene thupi la wodwalayo likusintha kapena ma electrode amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi, mafunde ambiri osokoneza adzawonekera pazenera, zomwe zidzakhudza chiweruzo ndi kusanthula kwa electrocardiogram.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-12-2021