Amashanyarazi

Electrocardiography ninzira yo gukora electrocardiogramu (ECG cyangwa EKG), gufata amajwi - igishushanyo cya voltage nigihe - cyibikorwa byamashanyarazi yumutima ukoresheje electrode yashyizwe kuruhu.Izi electrode zerekana impinduka ntoya zamashanyarazi ninkurikizi zo guta imitsi yumutima yumutima ikurikirwa na repolarisation muri buri cyiciro cyumutima (umutima).Impinduka muburyo busanzwe bwa ECG zibaho mubintu byinshi bidasanzwe byumutima, harimo guhungabana k'umutima (nka fibrillation atrial na ventricular tachycardia), gutembera kw'amaraso adahagije (nka ischemia myocardial na myocardial infarction), hamwe na electrolyte ihungabana (nka hypokalemia na hyperkalemia). ).

Muri ECG isanzwe 12-iyobora, electrode icumi zishyirwa kumubiri wumurwayi no hejuru yigituza.Ubunini muri rusange imbaraga z'umutima z'amashanyarazi noneho bupimirwa mubice cumi na bibiri bitandukanye (“kuyobora”) kandi byandikwa mugihe runaka (mubisanzwe amasegonda icumi).Muri ubu buryo, ubunini rusange nicyerekezo cyumutima wa depolarisiyasi yumutima bifatwa buri mwanya mugihe cyumutima.

Hariho ibintu bitatu by'ingenzi bigize ECG: P umuraba, ugereranya depolarisation ya atriya;ikigo cya QRS, kigereranya depolarisation ya ventricles;na T wave, byerekana repolarisation ya ventricles.

Muri buri mutima wumutima, umutima muzima ugira gahunda igenda itera depolarisiyasi itangirana na selile pacemaker muri node ya sinoatrial, ikwirakwira muri atrium, ikanyura kuri node ya atrioventricular ikamanuka mumutwe wa We no muri fibre ya Purkinje, ikwirakwira no kuri ibumoso muri ventricles.Ubu buryo butondetse bwa depolarisation butanga ibimenyetso biranga ECG.Ku muganga wahuguwe, ECG itanga amakuru menshi yerekeye imiterere yumutima nimikorere ya sisitemu yo gutwara amashanyarazi.Mubindi bintu, ECG irashobora gukoreshwa mugupima igipimo nigitekerezo cyumutima utera, ingano nu mwanya wibyumba byumutima, kuba hari ibyangiritse kumitsi yimitsi yumutima cyangwa sisitemu yo gutwara, ingaruka zibiyobyabwenge byumutima, nibikorwa ya pacemakers zatewe.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrocardiography