Electrocardiography

I-Electrocardiography yinkqubo yokuvelisa i-electrocardiogram (ECG okanye i-EKG), ukurekhoda - igrafu ye-voltage ngokuchasene nexesha - yomsebenzi wombane wentliziyo usebenzisa i-electrodes ebekwe esikhumbeni.Ezi electrode zifumanisa utshintsho oluncinci lombane olusisiphumo se-cardiac muscle depolarization elandelwa yi-repolarization ngexesha lomjikelo ngamnye wentliziyo (i-heartbeat).Utshintsho kwipatheni ye-ECG eqhelekileyo yenzeke kwizinto ezininzi ezingaqhelekanga zentliziyo, kubandakanywa ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo (njenge-fibrillation ye-atrial kunye ne-ventricular tachycardia), ukuhamba kwegazi okungahambi kakuhle kwe-coronary artery (njenge-myocardial ischemia kunye ne-myocardial infarction), kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-electrolyte hypokalemia ).

Kwi-ECG eqhelekileyo ye-12-lead, i-electrode ezilishumi zibekwe kwimilenze yesigulane kunye nomphezulu wesifuba.Ubukhulu bubonke besakhono sombane wentliziyo bulinganiswa ngee-engile ezilishumi elinambini ezahlukeneyo (“i-lead”) kwaye irekhodwa kwisithuba sexesha (idla ngokuba yimizuzwana elishumi).Ngale ndlela, ubukhulu becala kunye nolwalathiso lwe-heart depolarization yombane iyabanjwa kumzuzu ngamnye kuwo wonke umjikelo wentliziyo.

Kukho amacandelo amathathu aphambili kwi-ECG: i-P wave, emele ukuchithwa kwe-atria;i-QRS complex, emele i-depolarization ye-ventricles;kunye ne-T wave, emele i-repolarization ye-ventricles.

Ngexesha lokubetha kwentliziyo nganye, intliziyo ephilileyo inokuqhubela phambili ngokucwangcisiweyo kwe-depolarization eqala ngeeseli ze-pacemaker kwi-node ye-sinoatrial, isasazeka kuyo yonke i-atrium, idlula i-atrioventricular node ihle iye kwi-bundle yakhe kunye ne-Purkinje fibers, isasazeka phantsi kwaye ishiywe kuzo zonke ii-ventricles.Le patheni yocwangco ye-depolarization ibangela ukulandelwa kwe-ECG yeempawu.Kwikliniki eqeqeshiweyo, i-ECG idlulisela ulwazi oluninzi malunga nesakhiwo sentliziyo kunye nomsebenzi wenkqubo yayo yokuqhuba umbane.Phakathi kwezinye izinto, i-ECG ingasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa isantya kunye nesingqi sokubetha kwentliziyo, ubungakanani kunye nendawo yamagumbi entliziyo, ubukho bawo nawuphi na umonakalo kwiiseli zemisipha yentliziyo okanye inkqubo yokuqhuba, imiphumo yeziyobisi zentliziyo, kunye nomsebenzi. iipacemakers ezifakelweyo.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrocardiography