Ukugcwala komoyampilo egazini kungenye yezinkomba ezibalulekile zempilo yomzimba.Ukugcwala komoyampilo egazini labantu abanempilo evamile kufanele kugcinwe phakathi kuka-95% no-100%.Uma ingaphansi kuka-90%, ingene ebangeni le-hypoxia.I-% yi-hypoxia enzima, ezodala umonakalo omkhulu emzimbeni futhi ibeke impilo engozini.
Ukugcwala komoyampilo wegazi kuyipharamitha ebalulekile yokuphila ebonisa umsebenzi wokuphefumula nokujikeleza kwegazi.Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelele, iningi lezizathu zokubonisana okuphuthumayo neminyango yokuphefumula eminyangweni efanele ezibhedlela zihlobene ne-oksijeni yegazi.Sonke siyazi ukuthi ukugcwala komoyampilo okuphansi akuhlukaniseki ezifweni zokuphefumula, kodwa akukona konke ukuncipha kokugcwala komoyampilo egazini kubangelwa izifo zokuphefumula.
Yiziphi izimbangela zokugcwala okuncane kwe-oxygen egazini?
1. Ukuthi umfutho oyingxenye womoya-mpilo ohogelwe uphansi kakhulu yini.Uma okuqukethwe komoyampilo okuhogeliwe kunganele, ukugcwala komoyampilo kungase kwehle.Kuhlanganiswe nomlando wezokwelapha, isiguli kufanele sibuzwe ukuthi ngabe sake saya yini emathafeni angaphezu kuka-3000m, ukundiza okuphakeme, ukukhuphuka ngemva kokutshuza, kanye nezimayini ezingenawo umoya ohlanzekile.
2. Ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvinjelwa kokugeleza komoya.Kuyadingeka ukucabangela ukuthi kukhona yini i-hypoventilation evimbelayo ebangelwa izifo ezifana nesifuba somoya, i-COPD, ukwehla kwezimpande zolimi, nokuvinjelwa komzimba wangaphandle kokuphuma kokuphefumula.
3. Ukuthi kukhona ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-ventilation.Kudingeka ucabange ukuthi isiguli sinenyumoniya enzima, isifo sofuba esibi kakhulu, i-pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, i-pulmonary edema, i-pulmonary embolism nezinye izifo ezithinta umsebenzi wokuphefumula.
4. Ingakanani ikhwalithi nenani le-Hb ehambisa umoya-mpilo egazini.Ukubonakala kwezinto ezingavamile, njengobuthi be-CO, ubuthi be-nitrite, nokwanda okukhulu kwe-hemoglobin engavamile, akuthinti nje kuphela ukuthuthwa komoya-mpilo egazini, kodwa futhi kuthinta kakhulu ukukhululwa komoya-mpilo.
5. Ukuthi isiguli sinomfutho ofanele we-colloid osmotic kanye nomthamo wegazi.Umfutho we-osmotic we-colloid ofanelekile kanye nevolumu yegazi eyanele kungenye yezinto ezibalulekile zokugcina ukugcwala komoyampilo okuvamile.
6. Kuyini ukuphuma kwenhliziyo yesiguli?Ukugcina ukulethwa komoyampilo okuvamile ezithweni kufanele kusekelwe okwanele kwenhliziyo.
7. Izicubu kanye ne-microcirculation yesitho.Amandla okugcina umoya-mpilo ofanele nawo ahlobene nokusetshenziswa komzimba komzimba.Uma umzimba we-metabolism mkhulu kakhulu, okuqukethwe komoyampilo we-venous egazini kuzoncipha kakhulu, futhi igazi le-venous lizoholela ku-hypoxia enzima kakhulu ngemuva kokudlula ekujikelezeni kwamaphaphu.
8. Ukusetshenziswa komoyampilo ezicutshini ezizungezile.Amaseli ezicubu angasebenzisa umoya-mpilo wamahhala kuphela, futhi umoya-mpilo ohlangene ne-Hb ungasetshenziswa kuphela izicubu lapho ukhululwa.Izinguquko ku-pH, 2,3-DPG, njll. zithinta ukuhlukaniswa komoyampilo ku-Hb.
9. Amandla okushaya kwenhliziyo.Ukugcwala komoyampilo kulinganiswa ngokusekelwe ekushintsheni kokumunca okukhiqizwa ukushaya kwe-arterial, ngakho-ke i-transducer kufanele ibekwe endaweni enegazi elishayayo.Noma yiziphi izici ezenza buthaka ukugeleza kwegazi elithambile, njengokushukumisa amakhaza, injabulo yezinzwa ezinozwela, isifo sikashukela kanye neziguli ze-arteriosclerosis, kuzonciphisa ukusebenza kokulinganisa kwethuluzi.I-SpO2 ayikwazi ukutholwa ngisho nasezigulini ezine-cardiopulmonary bypass kanye nokuboshwa kwenhliziyo.
10. Into yokugcina, ngemva kokungabandakanyi zonke izici ezingenhla, ungakhohlwa ukuthi ukuncipha kokugcwala komoyampilo kungase kubangelwe ukwehluleka kwezinsimbi.
I-oximeter iyithuluzi elivamile lokuqapha ukugcwala kwe-oksijini egazini, elingasabela ngokushesha esimweni se-oksijini yegazi emzimbeni wesiguli, ukuqonda ukusebenza kwe-oxygenation yomzimba, ukubona i-hypoxemia ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi kuthuthukise ukuphepha kwesiguli.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-30-2022