Amapharamitha okuhlola okuqapha isiguli

Amapharamitha ajwayelekile angu-6: I-ECG, ukuphefumula, umfutho wegazi ongahlaseli, ukugcwala komoyampilo wegazi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, izinga lokushisa lomzimba.Okunye: umfutho wegazi ohlaselayo, i-carbon dioxide ephefumula ekugcineni, imishini yokuphefumula, igesi ebulala izinzwa, ukuphuma kwenhliziyo (okungenayo futhi okungahlaseli), inkomba ye-EEG bispectral, njll.

1. ECG

I-electrocardiogram ingenye yezinto eziyisisekelo zokuqapha zethuluzi lokuqapha.Isimiso siwukuthi ngemva kokuba inhliziyo ishukunyiswe ngogesi, injabulo ikhiqiza isignali kagesi, edluliselwa ebusweni bomzimba womuntu ngokusebenzisa izicubu ezihlukahlukene, futhi uphenyo lubona amandla ashintshiwe, akhuliswa futhi adluliselwe endaweni yokugcina okokufaka.Le nqubo yenziwa ngemikhondo exhumene nomzimba womuntu.Umthofu uqukethe izintambo ezivikelekile, ezingavimbela izinkambu zikazibuthe ekuphazamiseni amasignali e-ECG abuthakathaka.

2. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo

Isilinganiso sokushaya kwenhliziyo siwukunquma izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ngokushesha kanye nesilinganiso sokushaya kwenhliziyo okusekelwe kufomethi yegagasi ye-ECG.

Umuntu omdala ophile kahle unesilinganiso sokushaya kwenhliziyo okungu-75 ngomzuzu lapho ephumula, kanti ububanzi obuvamile bungama-60-100 ngomzuzu.

3. Ukuphefumula

Qaphela kakhulu izinga lokuphefumula kwesiguli.Lapho uphefumula ngokuzolile, ukuphefumula okungu-60-70/min kwabasanda kuzalwa kanye nokuphefumula okungu-12-18/min kubantu abadala.

4. Non-invasive blood pressure

Ukuqapha umfutho wegazi okungavamisile kusebenzisa indlela yokuthola umsindo we-Korotkoff.Umthambo we-brachial uvalwe nge-cuff ephefumulayo.Uchungechunge lwemisindo yamathoni ahlukene luzovela phakathi nenqubo yokuvimbela ukwehla kwengcindezi.Ngokusho kwethoni nesikhathi, umfutho wegazi we-systolic ne-diastolic ungahlulelwa.Ngesikhathi sokuqapha, imakrofoni isetshenziswa njengenzwa.Lapho umfutho we-cuff uphakeme kunomfutho we-systolic, imithambo yegazi iyacindezelwa, igazi elingaphansi kwe-cuff liyayeka ukugeleza, futhi imakrofoni ayinaso isignali.Lapho imakrofoni ithola umsindo wokuqala we-Korotkoff, ingcindezi ehambisana ne-cuff yi-systolic pressure.Khona-ke imakrofoni ilinganisa umsindo we-Korotkoff kusukela esigabeni sokunciphisa kuya esigabeni esithulile, futhi ingcindezi ehambisana ne-cuff ingcindezi ye-diastolic.

5. Ukushisa komzimba

Izinga lokushisa lomzimba libonisa umphumela we-metabolism yomzimba futhi kungenye yemibandela yokuthi umzimba wenze imisebenzi evamile yokusebenza.Izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi komzimba libizwa ngokuthi "izinga lokushisa eliyisisekelo", elibonisa isimo sekhanda noma somzimba.

6. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo

Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuyisignali eshintsha ngezikhathi ezithile ngokushaya kwenhliziyo, futhi umthamo wemithambo yegazi we-arterial nawo uyashintsha ngezikhathi ezithile.Isikhathi sokushintsha isignali ye-transducer ye-photoelectric ukushaya kwenhliziyo.Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwesiguli kukalwa nge-photoelectric probe eboshelwe endaweni yomunwe noma ku-auricle yesiguli.

7. Igesi Legazi

Ikakhulukazi isho umfutho wengxenye ye-oksijini (PO2), i-carbon dioxide partial pressure (PCO2) kanye nokugcwala komoyampilo egazini (SpO2).

I-PO2 isilinganiso sokuqukethwe komoyampilo emithanjeni.I-PCO2 iyisilinganiso sokuqukethwe kwe-carbon dioxide emithanjeni.I-SpO2 isilinganiso sokuqukethwe komoyampilo kumthamo komoyampilo.Ukuqapha kokugcwala komoyampilo egazini nakho kukalwa ngendlela ye-photoelectric, futhi inzwa nesilinganiso sokushaya kwenhliziyo kuyafana.Ibanga elijwayelekile lingama-95% kuya ku-99%.