1. Izitho zihamba phambili
Kubandakanya umlenze ojwayelekile ohola i-I, II, no-III kanye nomlenze ocindezelayo we-unipolar uhola i-aVR, i-aVL, ne-aVF.
(1) Umthofu ojwayelekile wezitho: owaziwa nangokuthi umthofi oguquguqukayo, obonisa umehluko ongaba khona phakathi kwezitho zombili.
(2) Umthofu welunga le-unipolar onengcindezi: kuma-electrode amabili, i-electrode eyodwa kuphela ekhombisa amandla, futhi amandla enye i-electrode alingana noziro.Ngalesi sikhathi, i-amplitude ye-waveform eyakhiwe incane, ngakho ukucindezela kusetshenziselwa ukukhulisa amandla alinganisiwe okutholwa kalula.
(3) Lapho ulandelela i-ECG ngokomtholampilo, kunemibala emi-4 yama-electrode e-lead probe esitho, futhi izindawo zawo zokubeka yilezi: i-electrode ebomvu isesihlakaleni somlenze ongaphezulu wesokudla, i-electrode ephuzi isesihlakaleni sengaphezulu kwesokunxele. isitho, futhi i-electrode eluhlaza isenyaweni naseqakaleni lengalo engezansi engakwesokunxele.I-electrode emnyama itholakala eqakaleni lesitho esingezansi esingakwesokudla.
2. Imikhondo yesifuba
Iwukuhola kwe-unipolar, kufaka phakathi umkhondo we-V1 kuya ku-V6.Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, i-electrode ephozithivu kufanele ibekwe engxenyeni eshiwo yodonga lwesifuba, futhi ama-electrode angu-3 omthofu wesitho kufanele axhunywe ku-electrode engalungile ngesixhaso esingu-5 K ukuze akhe itheminali kagesi emaphakathi.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-ECG okujwayelekile, imikhondo eyi-12 ye-bipolar, imikhondo yemilenze ye-unipolar ecindezelwe kanye ne-V1～V6 ingahlangabezana nezidingo.Uma kusolwa i-dextrocardia, i-right ventricular hypertrophy, noma i-myocardial infarction, i-lead V7, V8, V9, ne-V3R kufanele yengezwe.I-V7 isezingeni le-V4 emgqeni we-axillary ongemuva kwesokunxele;I-V8 isezingeni le-V4 emgqeni we-scapular wesobunxele;I-V9 iseceleni komgogodla wesokunxele Ulayini V4 usezingeni;I-V3R iyingxenye ehambisanayo ye-V3 esifubeni sokudla.
Ukubaluleka kokuqapha
1. Uhlelo lokuqapha oluhamba phambili lwe-12 lungabonisa izenzakalo ze-myocardial ischemia ngesikhathi.I-70% kuya ku-90% ye-ischemia ye-myocardial itholwa nge-electrocardiogram, futhi ngokomtholampilo, ngokuvamile i-asymptomatic.
2. Ezigulini ezisengozini ye-ischemia ye-myocardial, njenge-angina engazinzile kanye ne-myocardial infarction, ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kwe-ECG ye-ST-lead engu-12 kungathola ngokushesha izenzakalo ze-ischemia eziyingozi, ikakhulukazi izenzakalo ze-myocardial ischemia, okuwumtholampilo Nikeza isisekelo esithembekile sokuxilongwa ngesikhathi. kanye nokwelashwa.
3. Kunzima ukuhlukanisa ngokunembile phakathi kwe-tachycardia ye-ventricular kanye ne-supraventricular tachycardia ene-intraventricular differential conduction usebenzisa i-lead II kuphela.Umthofu ongcono kakhulu wokuhlukanisa kahle kokubili i-V ne-MCL (i-P wave kanye ne-QRS complex ine-morphology ecacile).
4. Lapho uhlola isigqi senhliziyo esingavamile, ukusebenzisa imikhondo eminingi kunembe kakhudlwana kunokusebenzisa umthofu owodwa.
5. Uhlelo lokuqapha oluhola phambili lwe-12 lunembe kakhudlwana futhi lufike ngesikhathi ukuze kwaziwe ukuthi isiguli sine-arrhythmia kunesistimu yokuqapha ye-single lead evamile, kanye nohlobo lwe-arrhythmia, izinga lokuqala, isikhathi sokubukeka, ubude besikhathi, kanye nezinguquko ngaphambi nangemuva. ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa.
6. Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kwe-ECG ehola phambili engu-12 kubaluleke kakhulu ekunqumeni uhlobo lwe-arrhythmia, ukukhetha izindlela zokuxilonga nezokwelapha, nokubheka imiphumela yokwelashwa.
7. Uhlelo lokuqapha oluhamba phambili oluyi-12 lunemikhawulo yalo ekusetshenzisweni komtholampilo, futhi luyakwazi ukuphazamiseka.Lapho isimo somzimba wesiguli sishintsha noma ama-electrode asetshenziswa isikhathi esithile, amaza amaningi okuphazamisa azovela esikrinini, okuzothinta ukwahlulela nokuhlaziywa kwe-electrocardiogram.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-12-2021