Inqubo ye-metabolic yomzimba womuntu iyinqubo ye-biological oxidation, futhi umoya-mpilo odingekayo enqubweni ye-metabolic ungena egazini lomuntu ngohlelo lokuphefumula, uhlangane ne-hemoglobin (Hb) emangqamuzaneni egazi abomvu yakhe i-oxyhemoglobin (HbO2), bese emva kwalokho. uwuhambisa kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba.Ingxenye yamaseli ezicubu iyahamba.
Ukugcwala komoyampilo wegazi (SO2)iphesenti levolumu ye-oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) eboshwe umoya-mpilo egazini ukuya kumthamo ophelele we-hemoglobin (Hb) engakwazi ukuboshwa, okungukuthi, ukugcwala komoyampilo wegazi egazini.Kuyi-physiology ebalulekile yepharamitha yomjikelezo wokuphefumula.Ukugcwala komoyampilo okusebenzayo isilinganiso sokugxiliswa kwe-HbO2 kuya ku-HbO2+Hb, ehlukile kumaphesenti e-hemoglobin ene-oksijini.Ngakho-ke, ukuqapha ukugcwala kwe-oxygen emithanjeni (i-SaO2) kungalinganisela ukugeleza komoya-mpilo emaphashini kanye nekhono le-hemoglobin lokuthwala umoya-mpilo.Ukugcwala kwe-oxygen egazini lomuntu okujwayelekile kungu-98%, kanti igazi le-venous lingama-75%.
(I-Hb imele i-hemoglobin, i-hemoglobin, i-Hb efushanisiwe)
Izindlela zokulinganisa
Izifo eziningi zemitholampilo zizobangela ukuntuleka kokunikezwa komoya-mpilo, okuzothinta ngokuqondile i-metabolism evamile yamaseli, futhi kusongela kakhulu ukuphila komuntu.Ngakho-ke, ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kokugxilwa kwe-oksijini egazini kubaluleke kakhulu ekuhlelweni komtholampilo.
Indlela yendabuko yokulinganisa ukugcwala komoyampilo egazini eyokuqala iqoqe igazi emzimbeni womuntu, bese usebenzisa isihlaziyi segesi yegazi ukuze kuhlaziywe i-electrochemical ukukala umfutho wengxenyeigazi oxygen PO2ukubala ukugcwala komoyampilo egazini.Le ndlela inzima futhi ayikwazi ukugadwa ngokuqhubekayo.
Indlela yamanje yokulinganisa ukusebenzisa i-ainzwa yesithombe kagesi yomkhono womunwe.Lapho ukala, udinga kuphela ukubeka inzwa emunweni womuntu, usebenzise umunwe njengesiqukathi esikhanyelayo se-hemoglobin, futhi usebenzise ukukhanya okubomvu okunobude begagasi obungu-660 nm nokukhanya okuseduze kwe-infrared okunobude begagasi obungu-940 nm njengomsebe.Faka umthombo wokukhanya futhi ulinganise amandla okudluliswa kokukhanya ngombhede wethishu ukuze ubale ukugcwala kwe-hemoglobin nokugcwala komoyampilo egazini.Ithuluzi lingabonisa ukugcwala komoyampilo wegazi lomuntu, linikeze ithuluzi eliqhubekayo lokulinganisa komoyampilo wegazi lomtholampilo.
Inani lereferensi nencazelo
Kukholelwa ukuthiI-SpO2akumele kube ngaphansi kwama-94% ngokujwayelekile, nokuthi ngaphansi kwama-94% akutholakali komoyampilo okwanele.Ezinye izazi zibeka i-SpO2<90% njengezinga le-hypoxemia, futhi zikholelwa ukuthi uma i-SpO2 ingaphezu kuka-70%, ukunemba kungafinyelela ku-±2%, futhi uma i-SpO2 ingaphansi kuka-70%, kungase kube namaphutha.Emisebenzini yomtholampilo, siqhathanise inani le-SpO2 leziguli ezimbalwa ezinenani le-arterial blood saturation value.Sikholelwa ukuthi iUkufundwa kwe-SpO2ingabonisa umsebenzi wokuphefumula wesiguli futhi ibonise ukuguqulwa kwe-arterialumoya-mpilo wegazingezinga elithile.Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwe-thoracic, ngaphandle kwezimo zomuntu ngamunye lapho izimpawu zomtholampilo kanye namanani angahambisani, ukuhlolwa kwegesi yegazi kuyadingeka.Ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kokuqapha kwe-pulse oximetry kunganikeza izinkomba ezinengqondo zokubhekwa komtholampilo kwezinguquko zesifo, ukugwema ukusampula kwegazi okuphindaphindiwe ezigulini nokunciphisa abahlengikazi 'Umthwalo womsebenzi ufanele ukukhuthazwa.Ngokomtholampilo, imvamisa ingaphezu kwama-90%.Yebo, idinga ukuba seminyango ehlukene.
Ukwahlulela, ukulimala, nokulahlwa kwe-hypoxia
I-Hypoxia ukungalingani phakathi kokunikezwa komoyampilo womzimba kanye nokusetshenziswa komoya-mpilo, okungukuthi, i-tissue cell metabolism isesimweni se-hypoxia.Ukuthi umzimba une-hypoxic noma cha kuncike ekutheni inani lokuthuthwa komoyampilo kanye nezindawo zokugcina umoya-mpilo ezitholwe yisicubu ngasinye zingahlangabezana yini nezidingo ze-aerobic metabolism.Ukulimala kwe-hypoxia kuhlobene nezinga, izinga kanye nobude be-hypoxia.I-hypoxemia enzima iyimbangela evamile yokufa ngenxa ye-anesthesia, ehlanganisa cishe u-1/3 kuya ku-2/3 wokufa ngenxa yokuboshwa kwenhliziyo noma ukulimala okukhulu kwamangqamuzana obuchopho.
Ngokomtholampilo, noma iyiphi i-PaO2<80mmHg isho i-hypoxia, futhi i-<60mmHg isho i-hypoxemia.I-PaO2 ingu-50-60mmHg ebizwa ngokuthi i-hypoxemia emnene;I-PaO2 ingu-30-49mmHg ebizwa ngokuthi i-hypoxemia emaphakathi;I-PaO2<30mmHg ibizwa ngokuthi i-hypoxemia enzima.Ukugcwala komoyampilo egazini lesiguli ngaphansi kokuphefumula kwamathambo, i-cannula yamakhala kanye ne-mask oxygenation kwakuyi-64-68% kuphela (cishe ilingane ne-PaO2 30mmHg), eyayilingana ngokuyisisekelo ne-hypoxemia enzima.
I-Hypoxia inomthelela omkhulu emzimbeni.Njengethonya ku-CNS, isibindi kanye nokusebenza kwezinso.Into yokuqala eyenzeka ku-hypoxia ukusheshisa okuyisinxephezelo kokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukwanda kokushaya kwenhliziyo nokuphuma kwenhliziyo, kanye nesimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi sinxephezela ukuntuleka kokuqukethwe komoya-mpilo ngesimo esinamandla amakhulu.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusabalalisa kabusha kokugeleza kwegazi kwenzeka, futhi ubuchopho nemithambo yegazi ye-coronary kunwetshwa ngokukhetha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala kwegazi okwanele.Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezinzima ze-hypoxic, ngenxa yokuqoqwa kwe-subendocardial lactic acid, i-ATP synthesis iyancishiswa, futhi ukuvinjelwa kwe-myocardial kukhiqizwa, okuholela ku-bradycardia, pre-contraction, blood pressure kanye nokuphuma kwenhliziyo, kanye ne-fibrillation ye-ventricular kanye nezinye i-arrhythmias. Ima.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hypoxia kanye nesifo sesiguli kungase kube nomthelela obalulekile ku-homeostasis yesiguli.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-12-2020