Iyini i-SpO2?

Muva nje, i-pulse oximetry (I-SpO2) uthole ukunakwa okukhulayo okuvela emphakathini ngoba abanye odokotela batusa ukuthi iziguli ezitholwe zine-COVID-19 ziqaphe amazinga azo e-SpO2 ekhaya.Ngakho-ke, kunengqondo ukuthi abantu abaningi bazibuze ukuthi "Yini i-SpO2?"okokuqala.Ungakhathazeki, sicela uqhubeke ufunda futhi sizokuqondisa ukuthi iyini i-SpO2 nokuthi ungayikala kanjani.

I-SpO2 imele ukugcwala komoyampilo egazini.Abantu abadala abanempilo ngokuvamile banokugcwala kwegazi okungama-95% -99%, futhi noma yikuphi ukufunda okungaphansi kuka-89% kuvame ukubangela ukukhathazeka.

I-pulse oximeter isebenzisa idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-pulse oximeter ukuze ilinganise inani lomoya-mpilo kumangqamuzana egazi abomvu.Idivayisi izobonisa eyakhoI-SpO2njengephesenti.Abantu abanezifo zamaphaphu njenge- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), isifuba somoya noma inyumoniya, noma abantu abayeka ukuphefumula okwesikhashana ngesikhathi belele (i-apnea yokulala) bangase babe namazinga aphansi e-SpO2.I-Pulse oximetry inganikeza amandla okuxwayisa kusenesikhathi ezinkingeni eziningi ezihlobene namaphaphu, yingakho abanye odokotela bencoma ukuthi iziguli zabo ze-COVID-19 ziqaphe njalo i-SpO2 yazo.Ngokuvamile, odokotela bavame ukukala i-SpO2 ezigulini ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okulula, ngoba lena indlela esheshayo nelula yokuhlaba umkhosi ngezinkinga zempilo ezingaba khona noma ukhiphe ezinye izifo.

Nakuba kusukela ngawo-1860 kwaziwa ukuthi i- hemoglobin iyingxenye yegazi ehambisa umoya-mpilo kuwo wonke umzimba, kuzothatha iminyaka engu-70 ukuze lolu lwazi lusetshenziswe ngokuqondile emzimbeni womuntu.Ngo-1939, uKarl Matthes wasungula iphayona lama-pulse oximeters esimanje.Wasungula idivayisi esebenzisa ukukhanya okubomvu ne-infrared ukuze ihlale ikala ukugcwala komoyampilo endlebeni yomuntu.Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, u-Glenn Millikan wasungula uhlelo lokuqala olusebenzayo lwalobu buchwepheshe.Ukuze axazulule inkinga yokunqamuka kukagesi womshayeli wendiza ngesikhathi sokuqondisa endaweni ephakeme, waxhuma i-ear oximeter (igama aliqamba) ohlelweni olunikeza ngokuqondile umoya-mpilo kumaski womshayeli lapho ukufundwa komoya-mpilo kwehla kakhulu .

Unjiniyela wezinto eziphilayo ka-Nihon Kohden u-Takuo Aoyagi wasungula i-oximeter yangempela ye-pulse yangempela ngo-1972, ngenkathi ezama ukusebenzisa i-oximeter yendlebe ukuze alandelele ukuhlanjululwa kukadayi ukukala ukuphuma kwesilinganiso senhliziyo.Lapho ezama ukuthola indlela yokulwa nezimpawu zesignali ezibangelwa ukushaya kwesihloko, waqaphela ukuthi umsindo obangelwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo wawubangelwa izinguquko ekugelezeni kwegazi kwe-arterial.Ngemva kweminyaka eminingana yomsebenzi, wakwazi ukwenza idivayisi enamaza amabili esebenzisa izinguquko emithanjeni yegazi ukuze alinganise ngokunembile izinga lokumuncwa komoya-mpilo egazini.U-Susumu Nakajima wasebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe ukuze enze inguqulo yokuqala yomtholampilo etholakalayo, futhi waqala ukuhlola ezigulini ngo-1975. Kwaze kwaba ngasekuqaleni kwawo-1980 lapho u-Biox ekhipha khona i-pulse oximeter yokuqala ephumelelayo kwezohwebo emakethe yokunakekelwa kokuphefumula.Ngo-1982, i-Biox yathola imibiko yokuthi imishini yabo isetshenziselwe ukukala ukugcwala kwe-oxygen egazini leziguli ezibulawa izinzwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.Ngokushesha inkampani yaqala umsebenzi futhi yaqala ukuthuthukisa imikhiqizo eklanyelwe ngokukhethekile odokotela ababulala izinzwa.Ukusebenza kokulinganisa i-SpO2 phakathi nokuhlinzwa kwaqashelwa ngokushesha.Ngo-1986, i-American Society of Anesthesiologists yamukela i-intraoperative pulse oximetry njengengxenye yezinga layo lokunakekela.Ngalokhu kuthuthukiswa, ama-pulse oximeters asetshenziswe kabanzi kweminye iminyango yesibhedlela, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokukhululwa kwe-oximeter yokuqala yomunwe ekwazi ukuzimela ngo-1995.

Ngokuvamile, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bangasebenzisa izinhlobo ezintathu zemishini ukukalaI-SpO2yesiguli: i-multi-function noma ipharamitha eminingi, imonitha yesiguli, eceleni kombhede noma i-pulse oximeter ebanjwe ngesandla noma i-oximeter yokushaya kweminwe.Izinhlobo ezimbili zokuqala zabaqaphi zingase zilinganise iziguli ngokuqhubekayo, futhi ngokuvamile zingabonisa noma ziphrinte igrafu yezinguquko ekugcwalisweni komoyampilo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Ama-spot-check oximeter asetshenziswa kakhulu ekurekhodweni kwesifinyezo sokugcwala kwesiguli ngesikhathi esithile, ngakho-ke lawa asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlolweni emitholampilo noma emahhovisi odokotela.